堪萨斯(堪萨斯城对温哥华)

堪萨斯内战产生了哪些影响？

堪萨斯内战，一方面促进了共和党的诞生，另一方面引起了民主党的分裂。堪萨斯内战期间，原来的自由党和民主党中的资产阶级，包括1848年新成立的自由上壤党人和其他废奴主义者在1854年成立了共和党。林肯这时重新投入了政治活动，他参加了共和党，不久就成为这个党的组织者和领导者之一。1856年6月，共和党第一届全国代表大会在费城召开，林肯自己并未出席，但被选为该党副总统候选人。尽管后来没有当选；但获得的选票并不少，在全国已享有一定的声望。

堪萨斯州的地理位置

堪萨斯州位于美国大陆四十八州地理中心。北界内布拉斯加州。南邻俄克拉荷马州。西接科罗拉多州。东与密苏里州毗连。

堪萨斯州位于美国大陆中部。北界内布拉斯加州。南邻俄克拉荷马州。西接科罗拉多州。东与密苏里州毗连。堪萨斯州气候，冬季内已无刺骨的寒风夏季内却有薰人的暖风（墨西哥湾暖气流北上）。降雨量中等。由西北角到东南角可分三区：

（A）西部是高平原，面积最大，约占本州面积三分之二，高度有一千多公尺，地面已被切割，出现沟谷丘陵。

（B）东北部冰碛区，面积很小，也被切割。

（C）东南部是大平原区，高度只有二百公尺。

全州地势西高东低，大部地区是广阔坦荡的高平原，是地势平坦而没有树木生长的地区，其中有河谷、小溪及峡谷，平均海拔610米。许多小丘陵高出平原面30～100米，如东部的弗林特丘陵，西部的斯莫基丘陵及雷德丘陵。西部靠近科罗拉多州边境的森弗劳尔山（向日葵山）海拔1231米，为全州最高点。弗林特丘陵，意译是燧石丘陵，因往日印第安人在这个丘陵区内寻找燧石，作箭头用而得名。南部靠近俄克拉何马州的弗迪格里斯河谷海拔213米，为全境最低点。堪萨斯州属温带大陆性气候，有严冬酷暑，温差变化大，但时间不长。1月平均气温－3～1℃，7月平均气温24～27℃。年平均气温为13℃。生长期从4月中旬到9月中旬，年平均降水量东南部为1000毫米，西部为500毫米。堪萨斯全州的平均降水量约690毫米。西部降水集中在夏季，常有旱灾和沙暴天气。

堪萨斯州以天气晴朗而闻名，堪萨斯州每年有超过275天以上的晴天。CountyFIPScodeCountyseatEstablishedOriginEtymologyCountyCodePopulationAreaMapAllenCounty001Iola1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesWilliamAllen,U.S.SenatorfromOhioandprominentsupporterofwestwardexpansionAL13,319503sqmi(1,303km)AndersonCounty003Garnett1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesJosephC.Anderson,KansasterritoriallegislatorandBorderRuffianduring"BleedingKansas"AN7,917583sqmi(1,510km)AtchisonCounty005Atchison1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesDavidRiceAtchison,U.S.SenatorfromMissouriandBorderRuffianduring"BleedingKansas"AT16,813432sqmi(1,119km)BarberCounty007MedicineLodge1867FromunorganizedareaThomasW.Barber,prominentFree-StaterkilledintheWakarusaWarBA4,8611,134sqmi(2,937km)BartonCounty009GreatBend1867FromunorganizedareaClaraBarton,founderoftheAmericanRedCrossBT27,557894sqmi(2,315km)BourbonCounty011FortScott1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesBourbonCounty,Kentucky,fromwhichmanyoriginalsettlershailedBB14,897637sqmi(1,650km)BrownCounty013Hiawatha1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyBrowneCounty)AlbertGallatinBrown,U.S.SenatorfromMississippiandKansasstatehoodadvocateBR9,881571sqmi(1,479km)ButlerCounty015ElDorado1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesAndrewPickensButler,U.S.SenatorfromSouthCarolinaandKansasstatehoodadvocateBU65,8271,428sqmi(3,699km)ChaseCounty017CottonwoodFalls1859FormedfromButlerandWisecountiesSalmonPortlandChase,U.S.SenatorfromOhioandKansasstatehoodadvocateCS2,757776sqmi(2,010km)ChautauquaCounty019Sedan1875FormedfromHowardCountyChautauquaCounty,NewYork,fromwhichmanyearlysettlershailedCQ3,571642sqmi(1,663km)CherokeeCounty021Columbus1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyMcGeeCounty)CherokeeNativeAmericans,whoselandsbordersthecountyinnearbyIndianTerritoryCK21,226587sqmi(1,520km)CheyenneCounty023SaintFrancis1873FromunorganizedareaCheyenneNativeAmericans,whoinhabitedtheareaCN2,6781,020sqmi(2,642km)ClarkCounty025Ashland1885FormedfromFordCountyCharlesF.Clarke,Captainin6thRegimentKansasVolunteerCavalryduringAmericanCivilWarCA2,181975sqmi(2,525km)ClayCounty027ClayCenter1857FromunorganizedareaHenryClay,influentialU.S.SenatorfromKentuckyCY8,531644sqmi(1,668km)CloudCounty029Concordia1866FormedfromWashington(FormerlyShirleyCounty)WilliamF.Cloud,UniongeneralintheAmericanCivilWarwhochieflyfoughtinKansasandMissouriCD9,397716sqmi(1,854km)CoffeyCounty031Burlington1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesA.M.Coffey,territoriallegislatorandFree-StaterduringBleedingKansasCF8,502630sqmi(1,632km)ComancheCounty033Coldwater1867FromunorganizedareaComancheNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaCM1,913788sqmi(2,041km)CowleyCounty035Winfield1867FormedfromButlerCountyMatthewR.Cowley,UnionlieutenantanddistinguishedCivilWarheroCL36,2881,126sqmi(2,916km)CrawfordCounty037Girard1867BourbonandCherokeeCountiesSamuelJ.Crawford,thirdGovernorofKansasCR39,361593sqmi(1,536km)DecaturCounty039Oberlin1873FromunorganizedareaStephenDecatur,navalcommodoreandWarof1812heroDC2,871894sqmi(2,315km)DickinsonCounty041Abilene1857FromunorganizedareaDanielStevensDickinson,U.S.SenatorfromNewYorkandKansasstatehoodadvocateDK19,762848sqmi(2,196km)DoniphanCounty043Troy1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesAlexanderWilliamDoniphan,Mexican-AmericanWarheroandpro-slaverysympathizerin"BleedingKansas"DP7,864392sqmi(1,015km)DouglasCounty045Lawrence1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesStephenArnoldDouglas,U.S.SenatorfromIllinoisandadvocateforthemoderatepopularsovereigntychoiceintheKansasslaverydebateDG112,864457sqmi(1,184km)EdwardsCounty047Kinsley1874FormedfromKiowaCountyJohnH.Edwards,statesenatorwhopushedforcreationofthecountyED2,979622sqmi(1,611km)ElkCounty049Howard1875FormedfromHowardCountyElkRiver,whichoriginatesinthecountyEK2,720648sqmi(1,678km)EllisCounty051Hays1867FromunorganizedareaGeorgeEllis,UnionlieutenantanddistinguishedCivilWarheroEL29,053900sqmi(2,331km)EllsworthCounty053Ellsworth1867FromunorganizedareaFortEllsworth,aUnionCivilWaroutpostintheareaEW6,494716sqmi(1,854km)FinneyCounty055GardenCity1883FormedfromArapahoe,Grant,KearneyandSequoyahCountiesDavidW.Finney,tenthlieutenantgovernorofKansasFI37,2001,300sqmi(3,367km)FordCounty057DodgeCity1867FromunorganizedareaJamesH.Ford,UniongeneralintheCivilWarwhomainlyfoughtinKansasandMissouriFO34,7521,099sqmi(2,846km)FranklinCounty059Ottawa1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesBenjaminFranklin,orator,writer,scholar,andfoundingfatheroftheU.S.FR25,906574sqmi(1,487km)GearyCounty061JunctionCity1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyDavisCounty)JohnWhiteGeary,UniongeneralintheCivilWarwhomainlyfoughtinKansasandMissouri,andwholaterbecameKansasterritorialgovernorGE38,013384sqmi(995km)GoveCounty063GoveCity1868FromunorganizedareaGrenvilleL.Gove,Captaininthe11thRegimentKansasVolunteerCavalryduringtheCivilWarGO2,7291,072sqmi(2,776km)GrahamCounty065HillCity1867FromunorganizedareaJohnL.Graham,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroGH2,578898sqmi(2,326km)GrantCounty067Ulysses1888FormedfromFinneyandHamiltonCountiesUlyssesSimpsonGrant,commanderofUnionforcesduringtheCivilWarandU.S.PresidentGT7,923575sqmi(1,489km)GrayCounty069Cimarron1887FormedfromFinneyandFordCountiesAlfredGray,KansasSecretaryofAgricultureGY6,030869sqmi(2,251km)GreeleyCounty071Tribune1873FromunorganizedareaHoraceGreeley,publisheroftheNewYorkTribuneandanti-slaveryadvocateGL1,298778sqmi(2,015km)GreenwoodCounty073Eureka1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesAlfredB.Greenwood,U.S.RepresentativefromArkansasandKansasstatehoodadvocateGW6,4541,140sqmi(2,953km)HamiltonCounty075Syracuse1873FromunorganizedareaAlexanderHamilton,firstU.S.TreasurySecretaryandfoundingfatherHM2,639996sqmi(2,580km)HarperCounty077Anthony1867FromunorganizedareaMarionHarper,UnionsergeantandCivilWarheroHP5,911802sqmi(2,077km)HarveyCounty079Newton1872FormedfromMcPherson,SedgwickandRenoCountiesJamesM.Harvey,fifthgovernorofKansasHV34,852539sqmi(1,396km)HaskellCounty081Sublette1887FormedfromFinneyandFordCountiesDudleyChaseHaskell,U.S.RepresentativefromKansasHS4,256577sqmi(1,494km)HodgemanCounty083Jetmore1867Fromunorganizedarea(FormerlyHagemanCounty)AmosHodgman,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroHG1,963860sqmi(2,227km)JacksonCounty085Holton1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyCalhounCounty)AndrewJackson,seventhU.S.PresidentJA13,449657sqmi(1,702km)JeffersonCounty087Oskaloosa1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesThomasJefferson,thirdU.S.PresidentandfoundingfatherJF18,945536sqmi(1,388km)JewellCounty089Mankato1867FromunorganizedareaLewisR.Jewell,UnioncolonelandCivilWarheroJW3,046909sqmi(2,354km)JohnsonCounty091Olathe1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesThomasJohnson,Methodistmissionarywhowasoneofthestate'sfirstsettlersJO559,913477sqmi(1,235km)KearnyCounty093Lakin1887FormedfromFinneyandHamiltonCountiesPhilipKearny,AmericangeneralintheMexican-AmericanandCivilWarsKE3,968870sqmi(2,253km)KingmanCounty095Kingman1872HarperandRenoCountiesSamuelA.Kingman,ChiefJusticeoftheKansasSupremeCourtKM7,863864sqmi(2,238km)KiowaCounty097Greensburg1886FormedfromComancheandEdwardsCountiesKiowaNativeAmericans,whoinhabitedtheareaKW2,496722sqmi(1,870km)LabetteCounty099Oswego1867FormedfromNeoshoCountyPierreLaBette,FrenchfurtrapperwhoformedapeacefulrelationshipwithareanativesLB21,284649sqmi(1,681km)LaneCounty101Dighton1873FromunorganizedareaJamesH.Lane,U.S.SenatorfromKansasandFree-Staterduring"BleedingKansas"LE1,704717sqmi(1,857km)LeavenworthCounty103Leavenworth1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesHenryLeavenworth,generalintheIndianWarswhoestablishedafortintheareaLV77,739463sqmi(1,199km)LincolnCounty105Lincoln1867FromunorganizedareaAbrahamLincoln,sixteenthU.S.PresidentLC3,174719sqmi(1,862km)LinnCounty107MoundCity1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesLewisFieldsLinn,U.S.SenatorfromKentuckywhosefamilywaslaterinvolvedinthesettlementofKansasLN9,441599sqmi(1,551km)LoganCounty109Oakley1888FormedfromWallaceCounty(formerlynamedSt.JohnCounty)JohnAlexanderLogan,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralandU.S.SenatorfromIllinoisLG2,7841,073sqmi(2,779km)LyonCounty111Emporia1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyBreckenridgeCounty)NathanielLyon,firstUniongeneraltobekilledintheCivilWarLY33,748851sqmi(2,204km)MarionCounty115Marion1860FromunorganizedareaFrancisMarion,AmericanRevolutionaryWarheroMN12,347943sqmi(2,442km)MarshallCounty117Marysville1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesFrankJ.Marshall,staterepresentativewhobecamelocallyknownforoperatingthefirstferryovertheBigBlueRiverMS10,022903sqmi(2,339km)McPhersonCounty113McPherson1867FromunorganizedareaJamesBirdseyeMcPherson,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralMP29,356900sqmi(2,331km)MeadeCounty119Meade1885FormedfromFinney,FordandSewardCountiesGeorgeGordonMeade,UnionCivilWargeneralbestknownforhisvictoryattheBattleofGettysburgME4,396978sqmi(2,533km)MiamiCounty121Paola1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyLykins)MiamiNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaMI32,612577sqmi(1,494km)MitchellCounty123Beloit1867FromunorganizedareaWilliamD.Mitchell,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroMC6,355700sqmi(1,813km)MontgomeryCounty125Independence1867FormedfromWilsonCountyRichardMontgomery,RevolutionaryWarheroMG34,459645sqmi(1,671km)MorrisCounty127CouncilGrove1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyWiseCounty)ThomasMorris,U.S.SenatorfromOhioandanti-slaveryadvocateMR5,854697sqmi(1,805km)MortonCounty129Elkhart1886FormedfromSewardCountyOliverP.Morton,GovernorofIndianaandprominentanti-slaveryadvocateMT3,169730sqmi(1,891km)NemahaCounty131Seneca1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyDornCounty)NemahaRiver,whichpassesthroughthecountyNM10,132719sqmi(1,862km)NeoshoCounty133Erie1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyDornCounty)NeoshoRiver,whichpassesthroughthecountyNO16,406572sqmi(1,481km)NessCounty135NessCity1867FromunorganizedareaNoahV.Ness,Corporalin7thRegimentKansasVolunteerCavalryduringCivilWarNS3,0681,075sqmi(2,784km)NortonCounty137Norton1867Fromunorganizedarea(FormerlyBillings(1873-9)OrloffNorton,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroNT5,612878sqmi(2,274km)OsageCounty139Lyndon1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyWellerCounty)OsageRiver,whichflowsthroughthecountyOS16,142704sqmi(1,823km)OsborneCounty141Osborne1867FromunorganizedareaVincentB.Osborne,UnionsoldierandCivilWarheroOB3,806893sqmi(2,313km)OttawaCounty143Minneapolis1860FromunorganizedareaOttawaNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaOT6,072721sqmi(1,867km)PawneeCounty145Larned1867FromunorganizedareaPawneeNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaPN6,928754sqmi(1,953km)PhillipsCounty147Phillipsburg1867FromunorganizedareaWilliamPhillips,statelegislatorwhopushedforcreationofthecounty,andlaterU.S.RepresentativePL5,519886sqmi(2,295km)PottawatomieCounty149Westmoreland1857FormedfromCalhounandRileyPottawatomieNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaPT22,302844sqmi(2,186km)PrattCounty151Pratt1867FromunorganizedareaCalebPratt,UnionlieutenantandCivilWarheroPR9,728735sqmi(1,904km)RawlinsCounty153Atwood1873FromunorganizedareaJohnAaronRawlins,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralRA2,5601,070sqmi(2,771km)RenoCounty155Hutchinson1867FromunorganizedareaJesseL.Reno,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralRN64,4381,254sqmi(3,248km)RepublicCounty157Belleville1868FormedfromWashingtonCountyRepublicanRiver,whichflowsthroughthecountyRP4,858716sqmi(1,854km)RiceCounty159Lyons1867FromunorganizedareaSamuelA.Rice,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralRC9,985727sqmi(1,883km)RileyCounty161Manhattan1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesBennettC.Riley,Mexican-AmericanWarheroRL75,508610sqmi(1,580km)RooksCounty163Stockton1867FromunorganizedareaJohnC.Rooks,Privatein11thRegimentKansasVolunteerCavalryduringCivilWarRO5,223888sqmi(2,300km)RushCounty165LaCrosse1867FromunorganizedareaAlexanderRush,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroRH3,220718sqmi(1,860km)RussellCounty167Russell1867FromunorganizedareaAlvaP.Russell,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroRS6,946885sqmi(2,292km)SalineCounty169Salina1860FromunorganizedareaSalineRiver,whichflowsthroughthecountySA55,988720sqmi(1,865km)ScottCounty171ScottCity1873FromunorganizedareaWinfieldScott,Mexican-AmericanWarheroandunsuccessfulpresidentialcandidateSC4,937718sqmi(1,860km)SedgwickCounty173Wichita1867FormedfromButlerCountyJohnSedgwick,highestrankingUniongeneralkilledintheCivilWarSG503,8891,000sqmi(2,590km)SewardCounty175Liberal1873FromunorganizedareaWilliamHenrySeward,U.S.SecretaryofStateSW23,547640sqmi(1,658km)ShawneeCounty177Topeka1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesShawneeNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaSN178,991550sqmi(1,424km)SheridanCounty179Hoxie1873FromunorganizedareaPhilipHenrySheridan,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralSD2,538896sqmi(2,321km)ShermanCounty181Goodland1873FromunorganizedareaWilliamTecumsehSherman,prominentCivilWargeneralSH6,1131,056sqmi(2,735km)SmithCounty183SmithCenter1867FromunorganizedareaJ.NelsonSmith,UnionmajorandCivilWarheroSM3,765896sqmi(2,321km)StaffordCounty185SaintJohn1867FromunorganizedareaLewisStafford,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroSF4,358792sqmi(2,051km)StantonCounty187JohnsonCity1887FormedfromHamiltonCountyEdwinMcMastersStanton,U.S.SecretaryofWarduringtheCivilWarST2,175680sqmi(1,761km)StevensCounty189Hugoton1886FormedfromSewardCountyThaddeusStevens,U.S.RepresentativefromPennsylvaniawhowasaleaderofReconstructionpoliticsSV5,756728sqmi(1,886km)SumnerCounty191Wellington1867FormedfromButlerCountyCharlesSumner,U.S.SenatorfromMassachusettswhowasaleaderofReconstructionpoliticsSU23,6741,182sqmi(3,061km)ThomasCounty193Colby1873FromunorganizedareaGeorgeHenryThomas,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralTH7,9411,075sqmi(2,784km)TregoCounty195WaKeeney1867FromunorganizedareaEdgarP.Trego,UnioncaptainandCivilWarheroTR2,986888sqmi(2,300km)WabaunseeCounty197Alma1855Oneoftheoriginal36counties(FormerlyRichardsonCounty)ChiefWabaunsee,PotawatomileaderWB7,039798sqmi(2,067km)WallaceCounty199SharonSprings1868FromunorganizedareaW.H.L.Wallace,prominentUnionCivilWargeneralWA1,517914sqmi(2,367km)WashingtonCounty201Washington1857FromunorganizedareaGeorgeWashington,firstU.S.PresidentandfoundingfatherWS5,758898sqmi(2,326km)WichitaCounty203Leoti1873FromunorganizedareaWichitaNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaWH2,256719sqmi(1,862km)WilsonCounty205Fredonia1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesHieroT.Wilson,UnioncolonelandCivilWarheroWL9,105574sqmi(1,487km)WoodsonCounty207YatesCenter1855Oneoftheoriginal36countiesDanielWoodson,fivetimeactinggovernorofKansasTerritoryWO3,278501sqmi(1,298km)WyandotteCounty209KansasCity1859FormedfromLeavenworthandJohnsonCountiesWyandotteNativeAmericans,wholivedintheareaWY159,129151sqmi(391km)